Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
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Hindi is a modern Indo-Aryan language (belonging to the family of
greater Indo-European languages) and is a descendent of Sanskrit, the earliest
speech of the Aryan settlers in the north-west frontiers of India. Passing
through various stages of evolution over the period of time -- from Classical
Sanskrit to Pali-Prakrit and Apabhransha, the emergence of Hindi in its
earliest form can be traced back to the 10th century A.D. (Bhandarkar 1929,
Chatterji 1960). Hindi, sometimes, is also refered to as Hindavi, Hindustani
and Khari-Boli. Hindi written in Devanagari script (which is the most
scientific writing system among the existig writing systems of the world) is
the National Official Language of the Republic of India and is ranked as the
Òthird most widely spoken languges of the worldÓ (Bhatia 1996). In addition,
Hindi is also the state language of the state of Bihar, Haryana, Himachal
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. Approximately six hundred
million people across the globe speak Hindi as either a first or second
language. The literary history of Hindi can be traced back to the twelfth
century and in its modern incarnation Hindi has an approximately three hundred
year old, well attested rich literary and grammatical tradition.
Three distinct phases in the development of Indo-Aryan languages
have been suggested by the cholars.They are : (a) the Ancient (2400 BC - 500
BC), (b) the Medieval (500 BC - 1100 AD) and (c) the Modern (1100 - ). The
ancient period is the period of the Vedic and Classical Sanskrit which resulted
in the evolution of Pali, Prakrit and Apabhransha langauges during the medieval
period. Most of the modern Indo-Aryan languages of south Asia, like Hindi,
Bangla, Oriya, Gujrati, Nepali, Marathi, Panjabi, evolved in the 'modern'
period.
It is very difficult to say as to when exactly Hindi as a language
came into picture and acholars are divided in their opinion on this issue. But
the trace of Hindi is obvious in the langauge of the Siddh saints of century 8
- 9 AD. Noted Hindi scholar Acharya Ramchandra Shukla begins his description of
the history of Hindi literature ('Hindi Sahitya ka Itihas'). In order to make
their teaching easily undestandable to the common ordinary people, the kind of
language Siddha saints used is can undoubtedly be called the one of the
authentic earliest forms of Hindi. We can also find the glimpse of early Hindi
in the langauge of the Jain poets (like Hemchandra and Dharma Suri), Vidyapati,
Abdurrehman Khankhana and Swayambhu. The more stablished form of Hindi (the
'khari boli') is visible in the creations of Sharfuddin, Khusro, Banda Niwaz
Gailurdaz, Wjahi Ali, Sultan Kuli Qutabshah, Shah Turab etc.
The modern Hindi and its literary tradition evolved towards the end
of the 18th century. Fort William College was established in Calcutta by the
British East India Company (we need not discuss the reasons for the
establishment of this educational institution here). The principle of this
college John Gilchrist wrote a grammar of and compiled a dictionary of Hindi to
teach and train the BEIC employees the Hindi language. Some newpapers and
journals were published in Hindi around that time, many of them were confiscated
by the British government (for alleged anti British propaganda). The first
Hindi newspaper 'Udant Martanda' was published in 1826 from Calcutta. At the
same time, authors like Raja Shivprasad Sitare Hind and Raja Lakshman Singh had
established new trends in Hindi literature. Later on, Hindi became the national
symbol in the fight against the British colonial rule. Maany Indian leaders
(including Ganshiji), revolutionaries, poets and reformists resorted to Hindi
to propagate their ideology.
After after independence (Aug 15, 1947), the new constitution was
adopted in India on January 26, 1950 which granted to Hindi the status of the
Official Language of the Republic of India. Today Hindi is world's third most
spoken language and is spreading all over the world. In the era of
technological advancements and the 'global village', Hindi assums much
importance as it is spoken by a large number of people all across the globe.
With liberalized economy and opening of the Indian frontiers to the world market,
there is increased interest in the learning and teaching of Hindi.
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
Islamic Quotes In Hindi Islamic Quotes In Urdu About Love In English About Life Tumblr Wallpapers In Arabic Images On Marriage About Women
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